空间含义不同

about 空间含义 靠近....的周围，不表示团团围住

round around 完全的周围，封闭的周围 around 表示静态的位置，round 可表静态或动态的静态的位置

The students sat about the desk (学生们坐在桌旁）和桌子有一段距离

The students sat around/round the desk (学生围桌而座，静态)

The bandits crowed about the woman whose back was to the wall (不能用round around)

先行词与定语从句的主语之间存在所属关系时，用whose

The earth goes around the sun.

The castle wall was built around the central keep.

It can also mean ‘in all directions from a centre point’, ‘in all parts of a place’ or ‘in the vicinity of’:

From the top of the tower, you could see for miles around.

He showed me around the castle grounds.

There are many old buildings around here.

A slightly different usage is to mean ‘approximately’, such as in:(接近，大概的意思）

The castle is around five miles away.

‘Round’, meanwhile, has a large number of uses. As an adverb or preposition, it is often used similarly to ‘around’. For example, we could say:

Round 比起 around 要丰富的多，书面语用的多。

The castle wall was built round the central keep.

The earth goes round the sun.

He showed me round the castle grounds.

There are many old buildings round here.

These uses of ‘round’ are a little informal, though, so ‘around’ may be the better choice in academic writing or other formal documents.

In addition, ‘round’ has many other uses, including as a noun, a verb and an adjective. For instance:

round ，还有另外三个词性，名词 动词和形容性

Noun = She knocked out her opponent in the third round.Verb = After dividing the numbers, round the result down to the nearest hundred.Adjective = The large, round building was falling apart.

As you can see, while some of these uses of ‘round’ relate to something circular (such as the ‘round’ building), this isn’t always the case. We won’t go into the various definitions of ‘round’ here. But keep in mind that these other

PS: 在...附近，在各处时，不如near明确，三者均可替换

Is there a bank about/round/around here ?这儿附近有银行吗

They have branches dotted about/round/arond the country . 他们的分支机构遍布全国各地

表示 “带有，持有”时，可用介词about with by on

1）四者区别

on 表示 “身上带着，手头有“，

指口袋、衣服中带有(have sth in pockets or clothes),作宾语的常是"笔、钱、手帕”等小件物品，

带小件物品除可用on 外，还可以用about(强调地点）和with(强调随同）；

表示携带较大的物品，如umbrella,recorder 等时要用with,

在手头 by人有某种异常或偶然情况 about物有某种异常或偶然情况 with表示某人身上所固有的东西用in

The ring was found on his persion (在他身上找到了戒指）-小物件

物体变主语，表被动（英语表达习惯)

There is somethign noble in him

在他身上有某种高尚的东西（身上所固有)

There is something strange about her

她有些怪异(人有某些异常情况)

He hasn't any changes about him

他没带零钱 （小物件，可用on)

You'd better have a good dictionary by you

你手头最好放一个好词典。

2）表示 “身上有什么” have sth with sb ,或者 have the on or about ,如果不是动词Have

而是take ,carry, bring ，只能用 with ，不能用on 或about

Don't forget take the dictionary with you (with 强调随同）

不要忘了把词典随身带着