你好，我是一名普通的英语老师，喜欢研究高考英语与教育那点事，如果你也喜欢这方面的内容，欢迎关注我，期待与你交流合作。专题三　复杂多变的动词第八讲　非谓语动词

1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ·语法填空)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard

Chang'e­4________(find) and study areas of the South Pole­Aitken basin.

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填 to find。

答案：to find

2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ·语法填空)They represent the earth________(come) back to life and best

wishes for new beginnings.

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为

represent，所以空处为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。

答案：coming

3．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ·语法填空)They make great gifs and you see them many times________

(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.

解析：考查非谓语动词。句中them与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。

答案：decorated

4．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ·语法填空)They are easy________(care) for and make great presents.

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be＋形容词＋to do”结构。故填to care。

答案：to care

5．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ·语法填空)The next morning he hired a boat and set out________(find) the

well­known painter.

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填 to find。

答案：to find

6．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ·语法填空)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds________(surround) the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears.

解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds________(surround)the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。

答案：surrounding

7．[2020·新高考卷Ⅰ(山东卷)·语法填空]As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or______

__(walk) through a rainforest.

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb.doing sth.“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。

答案：walking

8．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·语法填空)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been

employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive________(perform) consistently over a

large area.

解析：考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代中期以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用 to perform。

答案：to perform

9．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·语法填空)Scientists have responded by________(note) that hungry bears

may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉)that populations are higher than they actually are.

解析：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。

答案：noting

10．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ·语法填空)A 90­year­old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for________(be) Britain's oldest full­time employee—still working 40 hours a week.

解析：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。

答案：being

11．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ·语法填空)When we got a call__________(say) she was short­listed，we

thought it was a joke.

解析：考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填 saying。

答案：saying

12．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ·语法填空)On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take________(get)there.

解析：考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。

答案：to get

13．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ·语法填空)On the last day of our week­long stay，we were invited to attend

a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，________(listen) to

musicians and meeting interesting locals.

解析：考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。

答案：listening

14．(2019·浙江卷·语法填空)When the children are walking or________(cycle) to school on dark mornings，car drivers can easily see them.

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到他们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。

答案：cycling

15.(2019·北京卷·语法填空)Nervously________(face) challenges，I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．

解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。

答案：facing

非谓语动词解题“三字诀”——析、找、定

一析：分析句子结构

若句中已有谓语动词且该谓语动词没有通过并列连词与括号中的动词并列，则应考虑非谓语动词形式。

[语法填空典例]　①________(call)me tomorrow and I'll let you know ________the lab result.

②________(call)me tomorrow，you'll know the lab result.

分析：两句的差别是连词 and。分析句子结构可知，①句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式；②句为分词短语作条件状语。故①填Call；②填Calling。

二找：找准所给词的逻辑主语

找准所给词的逻辑主语，然后分析非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系：若是主谓关系用现在分词形式，若是动宾关系则用过去分词形式。

[语法填空典例]　①With the guide________(lead) the way，we had no trouble getting out of the

forest.

②The guide________(lead)the way，so we had no trouble getting out of the forest.

分析：分析句子结构可知，①句为with复合结构作状语，动词lead与逻辑主语 the guide之间为主谓关系；②句so连接两个并列句，空格处所填词的时态应与第二个并列分句的谓语动词一致。故①填leading；②填led。

三定：确定非谓语动词的时态

根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是完成式。若非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，则用一般式；若非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，则用完成式。

[语法填空典例]　①________(fail) to reach them on the phone，we sent an e­mail instead.

②________(walk) in the fields，he could feel the warmth of spring.

分析：①句fail表示的动作发生在谓语动词 sent 之前且与主语we为逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词的完成式Having failed。②句walk与谓语动词feel为同时发生的动作且与主语he为逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词的一般式Walking。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1．(2020·山西太原期中考试)Now，it not only devotes itself to________(sell)books，but

combines the functions of the bookstore，café and sale of the creative cultural products.

2．(2020·吉林市一次调研)But if you do find it difficult________(fall) asleep or stay asleep at

night，then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening.

3．(2020·湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校期中联考)Past studies have shown a link between

sleeping less and weighing more，but scientists have had difficulty________(determine)“which

came first，the chicken or the egg？” says Julie Lumeng of the University of Michigan in Ann

Arbor.

4．(2020·广东佛山教学质检Ⅰ)It is part of________(become)independent.

5．(2020·海南儋州一次统测)Cha，better________(know)by his pen name Jin Yong，died on

Tuesday at the Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital at age 94.

6．(2020·河南洛阳期中考试)Designated a “City of Design” by UNESCO in 2008，Shenzhen was the first city in China________(present) an official strategy around creative development.

7．(2020·安徽江淮十校二次联考)Actually，it is quite normal for the average person________

(live)in a city to see thousands of ads every single day.

8．(2020·湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试)First of all，________(become) aware of what

causes your worry will help to reduce the stress.

9．(2020·湖北孝感二次联考)We take care of patients of all ages.There is no type of injury，

medical，or surgical condition that we are not________(equip)to care for.

10．(2020·四川邻水实验学校月考)As well as the weather，the relaxed atmosphere and nightlife are very________(appeal)．

1．解析：句意：现在，它不仅专注于销售图书、而且还把书店的功能与咖啡屋、创意性文化产品的售卖相结合。动词短语devote...to(致力于)中的to为介词，后加名词或动名词作宾语；根据提示词sell可知设空处填动名词selling。

答案：selling

2．解析：句意：但是如果你确实发现在晚上很难入睡或者晚上睡眠质量不佳，那么你应该避免小睡，尽量在晚上增强健康的睡意。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。本句中it作形式宾语，设空处作真正宾语，根据 or后的stay可推知设空处需填不定式形式，故填to fall。

答案：to fall

3．解析：句意：过去的研究表明睡眠少和发胖有联系，但是科学家们很难认定“到底是先有鸡还是先有蛋？”安娜堡的密歇根大学的Julie Lumeng说。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定句型， 意为：做某事有困难。

答案：determining

4．解析：句意：那是变得独立的一部分。介词(of)后要加动名词作宾语，故填 becoming。

答案：becoming

5．解析：句意：查良镛，他的笔名金庸更为人们所熟知，于周二在香港养和医院去世，享年94岁。考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词Cha与know为逻辑上的被动关系，故填过去分词known。

答案：known

6．解析：句意：在2008年被联合国教科文组织命名为“设计之都”的深圳是中国第一个提出创新驱动发展官方战略的城市。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。本句中名词city被序数词修饰且city与动词present为逻辑上的主动关系，需用不定式的主动形式作定语表示第几个做某事的人或物，故答案为to present。

答案：to present

7．解析：句意：事实上在城市生活的普通人每天看到几千条广告是很正常的。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词 person与live为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作定语，故填 living。

答案：living

8．解析：句意：首先，知道造成你忧虑的原因将有助于减轻压力。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。动名词短语可作句子主语，故填 becoming。

答案：becoming

9．解析：句意：我们照顾各个年龄段的病人。对任何类型的损伤，内科或外科疾病我们都有预案。设空处作表语，主语we与equip为逻辑上的被动关系，故填过去分词equipped。

答案：equipped

10．解析：句意：除了天气以外，轻松的气氛和夜生活也非常诱人。设空处表示主语的特征，故填 appealing(＝attractive or interesting)。

答案：appealing